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August 06, 2025

Increase of the Minimum Salary from October 1, 2025

The Social and Economic Council of the Republic of Serbia passed the Decision on the Amount of the Minimum Price of Work for 2025, which was published in the Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia No. 67/2025 on July 31, 2025, and which shall be applied as of October 1, 2025 (“Decision”). This non-regular increase in the minimum price of work, which will apply in the period October - December 2025, is the second increase in the current year. The Government of the Republic of Serbia has also proposed a regular increase which shall be applied as of January 1,...

August 01, 2025

The Use of Augmented Cameras in Retail – Yes or No?

The French Data Protection Authority (Commission Nationale de l'Informatique et des Libertés – “CNIL”) has recently issued an important decision on the lawfulness of using so-called augmented cameras in tobacco shops. These systems, equipped with artificial intelligence algorithms to estimate the age of customers, were introduced as a means to prevent the sale of tobacco products to minors. However, CNIL considers that this method of processing personal data is neither necessary nor proportionate to the objective pursued. The decision raises an important question about the boundary between protecting the public interest and safeguarding the fundamental rights of individuals, particularly the...

July 23, 2025

Rights of Minority Shareholders in a Limited Liability Company

When establishing a limited liability company, the focus is often placed on the founders holding a majority share, while the rights and position of minority shareholders tend to be overlooked. Nevertheless, the legal protection of minority shareholders exists and is governed by the Serbian Company Law. Who are minority shareholders? Minority shareholders are considered to be those holding a smaller share in the company’s capital, specifically below 20% of share. Although minority shareholders do not have decisive influence over company decisions, the Company Law grants them a range of rights that enable them to protect their interests and participate in...

July 16, 2025

Does the Termination of Employment Contract due to the Expiration of the Probationary Period Have to Be Reasoned?

In light of a judgment rendered in proceedings for the annulment of an unlawful decision terminating an employment contract upon expiry of the probationary period, a question has arisen which, from the standpoint of legal theory and the fundamental principles of labor law, arguably should not be a matter of dispute: should a termination decision issued upon the expiry of the probationary period include a statement of reasons? The Supreme Court of Cassation, in its judgment no. Rev2 3128/20 of 3 March 2021, held that when an employment ends due to the expiry of the probationary period because the employee...

July 14, 2025

Algorithmic Transparency and Personal Data Protection: CJEU Ruling on “Scoring” and Automated Decision-Making

When an algorithm determines your creditworthiness — you have the right to know why. In a recent judgment in the case of Dun and Bradstreet Austria (C-203/22), the Court of Justice of the European Union (“CJEU”) clarified the scope of the right to access information about the logic behind automated decisions. This decision provides important guidance on the interpretation of Article 15(1)(h) of the General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) in the context of automated decision-making, particularly when it comes to credit scoring and similar assessments. How Did the Question of Algorithmic Transparency Come Before the CJEU? The dispute arose when...

July 09, 2025

GPS Employee Monitoring: Violation of the Right to Personal Data Protection and Privacy

Modern technologies have significantly transformed the organization of work, especially in the context of remote work. Accordingly, it is necessary to align the use of digital tools for managing working hours and monitoring employees with the rules on personal data protection. This article analyses the decision of the Italian Data Protection Authority (“Garante”), No. 10128005 dated March 13, 2025 (“Decision”), which found multiple violations of the provisions of the General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) and relevant Italian legislation due to the manner in which the Employer conducted GPS tracking of employees during remote work. The Decision is significant as it...

July 03, 2025

Artificial Intelligence and Intellectual Property Law: What Brings the AI Barbie Trend?

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in everyday life, especially in the creative industry, is rapidly increasing, allowing users to easily generate images, texts, music, videos, designs, and other works. While these tools represent a technological breakthrough, they also raise a few legal issues, particularly when the generated content draws on or emulates already protected elements of intellectual property. Legal problems in the age of artificial intelligence The emergence of AI brings several problems in the field of intellectual property law: authorship and protection: who is the author if a work is created by AI; can such works be protected...

July 02, 2025

Piercing the Corporate Veil: Application Challenges and Creditor Protection

The doctrine of piercing the corporate veil represents a set of rules under which shareholders of a limited liability company, stakeholders, and limited partners become personally liable with their entire personal assets for the company’s obligations, in cases where the rules of limited liability, meaning liability limited only to the value of the company’s assets, are abused. Legal Framework in the Republic of Serbia: In the Republic of Serbia, piercing the corporate veil is regulated by the Companies Law. A shareholder of a limited liability company, a limited partner, and a stakeholder shall be personally liable with all their assets,...

July 01, 2025

Revocation of a Trademark: The Importance of Use and the Evidence of Use

Use of a Trademark is an Obligation Although a trademark is primarily associated with the exclusive rights which give a right holder a monopoly to prevent any third party from using the same or a similar mark for identical or similar goods or services without its consent, the trademark right also arises a significant obligation. The right-holder has an obligation to use the trademark for the goods and services for which it has been registered, if they wish to maintain its validity. The general rule, prescribed by the Law on Trademarks of the Republic of Serbia as well, is the...

June 25, 2025

Processing of Special Categories of Personal Data in the Pharmaceutical Industry: Analysis of the CJEU Ruling

The Court of Justice of the European Union (“CJEU”) has recently issued a significant judgment in the case “Lindenapotheke” (C-21/23), taking a clear stance on the processing of special categories of personal data, namely health data, in the context of online medicine sales within the pharmaceutical industry. The ruling sheds light on how the General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) applies to the data that users provide when ordering pharmacy-only medicinal products online, even those not subject to prescription, and provides clear guidance on the rights and obligations of data controllers. Legal Framework: Health Data as a Special Category of Personal...

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